Guidance

Improvement

The ISO Navigator™ database hyperlinks the ISO 9000:2005 principles and the ISO 9001:2008 requirements; and explains them in plain English with practical guidance.

This guidance has been superseded by ISO 9001:2015 Clause 10.3 Continual Improvement. If you want to see a comparison matrix that correlates the requirements of ISO 9001:2008 to the revised requirements of ISO 9001:2015, please click here to begin comparing.

Our range of ISO 9001:2015 quality manuals and integrated manual templates cover the requirements of ISO 14001:2015 and ISO 45001:2018, and offer an easy way to implement and document your organization's quality management system or integrated management system.

ISO 9001:2008: Continual improvement 8.5.1 (superseded)

One of the driving goals of ISO 9001 is the principle of continual improvement. You must be able to demonstrate continual improvement. Distinction must be made between ‘continual’ and ‘continuous’ improvement.

Unlike continuous improvement (which must be constant, steady and always positive), continual improvement may show signs of dwells, momentary setbacks, delays or slight reversal, shows process variation, provided the overall trend is positive or improving.

Auditors will expect to see a process method, techniques, formats, etc. is in place for establishing and implementing continual improvement. The impetus for continual improvement must come from the use of (as a minimum):

  1. Quality policies
  2. Quality objectives
  3. Audit results
  4. Analysis of data
  5. Corrective actions
  6. Preventive actions
  7. Management review

There is no requirement that the organization should set objectives for improvement of all its processes at any one time. It would be unrealistic to expect an organization to make progress in all potential improvements simultaneously.

Each improvement will require the commitment of resources, which should be prioritized by top management, especially if investment is required. It is the responsibility of the company to demonstrate improvement rather than the auditor to look for it. Accordingly, it is a useful audit practice to ask management to identify any improvement initiatives taken since the previous visit, and also any planned for the future.

Processes can always be made more efficient and effective, even when they are producing conforming products. The aim of a continual improvement programme is to increase the odds of satisfying customers by identifying areas that need improvement. It requires the organization to plan improvement systems and to take into account many other activities that can be used in the improvement process.

Auditors should look for evidence that your organization is analyzing data from process monitoring and is then taking the results forward for evaluating process efficiency and/or improving process output. One point that should be specifically examined is the consistency of the way in which the improvement of any one process contributes to meeting the overall objectives, so as to ensure that this will not conflict with the achievement of other objectives.

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Planning

ISO 9001:2015 ISO 14001:2015 ISO 45001:2018
4.1 Organizational Context 4.1 Organizational Context 4.1 Organizational Context
4.2 Relevant Interested Parties 4.2 Relevant Interested Parties 4.2 Relevant Interested Parties
4.3 Management System Scope 4.3 Management System Scope 4.3 Management System Scope
4.4 QMS Processes 4.4 EMS Processes 4.4 OH&S Management System
 
ISO 9001:2015 ISO 14001:2015 ISO 45001:2018
5.1 Leadership & Commitment 5.1 Leadership & Commitment 5.1 Leadership & Commitment
5.2 Quality Policy 5.2 Environmental Policy 5.2 OH&S Policy
5.3 Roles, Responsibilities/Authorities 5.3 Roles, Responsibilities/Authorities 5.3 Roles, Responsibilities/Authorities
    5.4 Consultation & Participation
 
ISO 9001:2015 ISO 14001:2015 ISO 45001:2018
6.1.1 Address Risks & Opportunities 6.1.1 Address Risks & Opportunities 6.1.1 Address Risks & Opportunities
6.2.1 Quality Objectives 6.1.2 Environmental Aspects 6.1.2 Hazard Identifcation
6.2.2 Planning to Achieve Objectives 6.1.3 Compliance Obligations 6.1.3 Legal & Other Requirements
6.3 Planning for Change 6.1.4 Planning Action 6.1.4 Planning Action
  6.2.1 Environmental Objectives 6.2.1 OH&S Objectives
  6.2.2 Planning to Achieve Objectives 6.2.2 Planning to Achieve Objectives
 

Doing

ISO 9001:2015 ISO 14001:2015 ISO 45001:2018
7.1.1 Resources - General
7.1 Resources 7.1 Resources
7.1.2 People 7.2 Competence 7.2 Competence
7.1.3 Infrastructure
7.3 Awareness 7.3 Awareness
7.1.4 Operational Environment 7.4.1 Communcation - General 7.4.1 Communcation - General
7.1.5 Monitoring & Measuring 7.4.2 Internal Communcation 7.4.2 Internal Communcation
7.1.6 Organizational Knowledge 7.4.3 External Communcation 7.4.3 External Communcation
7.2 Competence 7.5 Documented Information 7.5 Documented Information
7.3 Awareness    
7.4 Communcation    
7.5 Documented Information    
 
ISO 9001:2015 ISO 14001:2015 ISO 45001:2018
8.1 Operational Planning & Control
8.1 Operational Planning & Control 8.1.1 General
8.2.1 Customer Communication 8.2 Emergency Preparedness 8.1.2 Eliminating Hazards
8.2.2 Determining Requirements
  8.1.3 Management of Change
8.2.3 Reviewing Requirements   8.1.4 Outsourcing
8.2.4 Changes in Requirements
  8.2 Emergency Preparedness
8.3.1 Design Development - General    
8.3.2 Design Development - Planning
   
8.3.3 Design Development - Inputs    
8.3.4 Design Development - Controls    
8.3.5 Design Development - Outputs    
8.3.6 Design Development - Changes    
8.4.1 External Processes - General    
8.4.2 Purchasing Controls    
8.4.3 Purchasing Information    
8.5.1 Production & Service Provision    
8.5.2 Identification & Traceability    
8.5.3 3rd Party Property    
8.5.4 Preservation    
8.5.5 Post-delivery Activities    
8.5.6 Control of Changes    
8.6 Release of Products & Services    
8.7 Nonconforming Outputs    
 

Checking

ISO 9001:2015 ISO 14001:2015 ISO 45001:2018
9.1.1 Performance Evaluation 9.1.1 Performance Evaluation 9.1.1 Performance Evaluation
9.1.2 Customer Satisfaction 9.1.2 Evaluation of Compliance 9.1.2 Evaluation of Compliance
9.1.3 Analysis & Evaluation 9.2 Internal Audit 9.2 Internal Audit
9.2 Internal Audit 9.3 Management Review 9.3 Management Review
9.3 Management Review    
 

Acting

ISO 9001:2015 ISO 14001:2015 ISO 45001:2018
10.1 Improvement - General 10.1 Improvement - General 10.1 Improvement - General
10.2 Nonconformity & Corrective Action 10.2 Nonconformity & Corrective Action 10.2 Incident, Nonconformity & Corrective Action
10.3 Continual Improvement 10.3 Continual Improvement 10.3 Continual Improvement